Norman's Lampeye Killifish
Aplocheilus panchax
Description
Norman’s Lampeye Killifish is a small, attractive freshwater fish known for its shimmering silver body and the distinctive “lamp” appearance of its bright, large eyes, which give the species its name. The eyes appear to have a metallic or glowing blue hue, making them quite striking in a well-lit aquarium. These fish have a slender body with an elongated shape, and their colors can range from silver to golden-yellow depending on the light. They are peaceful, active, and social fish, often seen swimming in the mid to upper sections of the tank. They are known for their schooling behavior and are happiest when kept in groups.
Habitat Origin
Native to freshwater streams and rivers in West Africa, primarily found in countries like Nigeria and Cameroon.
Aquarium
Ideal Number in Aquarium: At least 6 individuals, as they are schooling fish and thrive in groups.
Favorite Food
Norman’s Lampeye Killifish are omnivores and will accept a variety of foods. Their diet can consist of high-quality flake food, micro pellets, and live or frozen foods like daphnia, brine shrimp, and bloodworms. They will also graze on algae and small invertebrates found in the tank.
Behavior:
These fish are peaceful, non-aggressive, and active swimmers. They are best kept in schools, as they feel more secure in groups. Norman’s Lampeye Killifish tend to swim in the upper to middle sections of the aquarium, and they are often seen darting about in search of food. While they are peaceful, males may engage in minor displays of aggression towards each other during breeding times, but they are generally non-territorial and do well in community tanks.
Special Care:
While Norman’s Lampeye Killifish are hardy, they do best in a well-planted tank with plenty of hiding spots. Plants, driftwood, and rocks will help mimic their natural environment. They thrive in a tank with a stable water temperature and good filtration. Regular water changes and proper tank maintenance are essential for keeping them healthy.
Compatibility with Other Fish:
Yes, they are compatible with other peaceful fish, especially small, non-aggressive species. They are a great addition to a community tank with other tetras, rasboras, and small shrimp. Avoid keeping them with larger, aggressive fish that may view them as prey. Due to their small size, they are best housed with other small species.
Breeding Tank Setup
A dedicated breeding tank is highly recommended for Norman’s Lampeye Killifish. Although peaceful, adults may eat their own eggs or fry, so isolation improves survival rates. A 10-gallon (38-liter) tank is suitable for a small group, while 20 gallons (75 liters) is preferable for multiple pairs. Maintain pH between 6.0–7.5, temperature of 24–28°C (75–82°F), and hardness of 2–12 dGH. Use a gentle sponge or internal filter to avoid strong currents. For substrate, fine sand or gravel is appropriate, and dense plantings of Java moss, Anubias, or floating plants provide hiding and spawning surfaces. Keep lighting moderate, with a 12-hour day/night cycle.
Breeder Conditioning
To prepare for breeding, feed the adults a nutritious, protein-rich diet, including high-quality flakes, frozen or live foods such as brine shrimp, bloodworms, and daphnia, and vegetable matter like chopped spinach or peas. Conditioning over 7–10 days enhances reproductive readiness. Weekly 25–30% water changes are crucial for health and water stability. To stimulate spawning, conduct a larger water change (up to 50%) and slightly increase the temperature, simulating rainy season cues common in their natural environment.
Spawning Behavior
Spawning typically occurs in the early morning. Males will chase and court females, displaying brighter eye glows and fin colors. Norman’s Lampeyes are egg scatterers, laying 30–50 adhesive eggs on plants and tank surfaces. Once spawning is complete, remove the adults immediately, as they may consume the eggs. Using spawning mops or mosses helps you collect and relocate eggs if needed for easier management.
Fry Hatching
The eggs usually hatch in 7–10 days, depending on the water temperature. Initially, the fry will feed on infusoria or liquid fry food. As they grow, introduce baby brine shrimp, microworms, or finely crushed flakes. Water quality is vital—conduct small, frequent water changes (10–20%) every one to two days and avoid overfeeding. Keep temperature stable between 24–28°C, and ensure oxygenation without creating stress-inducing current.
Key Breeding Tips & Sexing
Norman’s Lampeye Killifish are ready to breed by 6 months of age, but optimal results are achieved with healthy 1-year-old fish. Males tend to be smaller, more vivid, and show enhanced coloration and eye glow during breeding. Females are slightly larger and rounder, especially when gravid. Avoid sudden changes in pH, temperature, or hardness, and prevent overcrowding to minimize stress and promote successful reproduction.
