Chocolate Gourami: Fish Species Profile

Species Overview

The Chocolate Gourami (Sphaerichthys osphromenoides) is a small, delicate freshwater fish renowned for its rich brown coloration and unique vertical stripes. Native to Southeast Asia, this species is favored by aquarists seeking a peaceful and visually appealing addition to their tanks.

• Common Names: Chocolate Gourami
• Scientific Name: Sphaerichthys osphromenoides
• Adult Size: Up to 2.5 inches (6 cm)
• Life Expectancy: 4–8 years

Characteristics

• Family: Osphronemidae
• Origin: Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo
• Social: Peaceful, best kept in groups
• Tank Level: Mid to upper water levels
• Minimum Tank Size: 20 gallons
• Diet: Omnivore
• Breeding: Maternal mouthbrooder
• Care Level: Advanced
• pH: 4.0–6.5
• Hardness: 1–5 dGH
• Temperature: 77–81°F (25–27°C)

Origin and Distribution

Chocolate Gouramis are indigenous to the peat swamps and blackwater streams of Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo. These environments are characterized by soft, acidic waters rich in tannins from decaying organic matter, providing the ideal habitat for this species.

Colors and Markings

The Chocolate Gourami displays a deep chocolate-brown body adorned with vertical yellow or gold stripes. Its fins are typically dark with lighter edges, and the species exhibits a laterally compressed body with a pointed snout, contributing to its distinctive appearance.

Tankmates

Due to their gentle nature and specific water requirements, Chocolate Gouramis should be housed with other peaceful species that thrive in similar conditions. Suitable tankmates include:

• Harlequin Rasboras
• Small Rasboras
• Kuhli Loaches
• Corydoras Catfish

Avoid keeping them with larger, aggressive, or fast-moving fish, as Chocolate Gouramis can be easily stressed or outcompeted for food.

Habitat and Care

To replicate their natural habitat:

• Tank Setup: Provide a well-planted aquarium with plenty of hiding spots using driftwood, leaf litter, and floating plants to diffuse light.
• Water Conditions: Maintain soft, acidic water with a pH between 4.0 and 6.5, and hardness of 1–5 dGH. Use peat filtration or add botanical elements to achieve the desired water chemistry.
• Filtration: Employ gentle filtration to avoid strong currents, as Chocolate Gouramis prefer calm waters.
• Lighting: Subdued lighting conditions are ideal to mimic their natural environment and reduce stress.

Regular, small water changes are crucial to maintain water quality without causing significant fluctuations in parameters.

Diet and Feeding

Chocolate Gouramis are omnivorous but may be finicky eaters. They prefer live or frozen foods such as daphnia, brine shrimp, and bloodworms. Over time, they may accept high-quality flake or pellet foods, but a varied diet rich in protein is essential for their health. Feed them small amounts 2–3 times daily, ensuring all food is consumed promptly to maintain water quality.

Gender Differences

Males are generally more slender with a slightly more pointed dorsal fin, while females have a rounder body shape, especially when carrying eggs. The differences are subtle and may require close observation to distinguish.

Breeding

Breeding Chocolate Gouramis can be challenging due to their specific requirements:

• Breeding Tank: Set up a separate tank with optimal water conditions, including soft, acidic water and temperatures around 80°F (27°C).
• Spawning: After courtship, the female lays eggs, which she then collects and incubates in her mouth—a behavior known as maternal mouthbrooding.
• Incubation: The female carries the eggs for about two weeks, during which she may eat minimally.
• Fry Care: Once released, the fry should be fed infusoria or commercially available fry food until they are large enough to accept larger foods.

Providing a stress-free environment and maintaining pristine water conditions are crucial for successful breeding.

Further Research

For more information on similar species and care techniques, consider exploring:

• Licorice Gourami (Parosphromenus spp.)
• Sparkling Gourami (Trichopsis pumila)
• Honey Gourami (Trichogaster chuna)

FAQ

Are Chocolate Gouramis suitable for beginners?
Due to their sensitivity to water conditions and specific care requirements, Chocolate Gouramis are best suited for experienced aquarists.

How many Chocolate Gouramis should be kept together?
They thrive in small groups of 4–6 individuals, which helps reduce stress and encourages natural behaviors.

What is the ideal tank size for Chocolate Gouramis?
A minimum of 20 gallons is recommended to provide adequate space and maintain stable water conditions.

This profile provides essential information for successfully keeping and enjoying Chocolate Gouramis in your aquarium.