Clown Killifish: Fish Species Profile

Characteristics

• Scientific Name: Epiplatys annulatus
• Family: Nothobranchiidae
• Origin: West Africa (Liberia, Sierra Leone, Guinea)
• Social Behavior: Peaceful, prefers small groups
• Tank Level: Surface dweller
• Minimum Tank Size: 5 gallons
• Diet: Carnivore
• Breeding Method: Egg layer
• Care Level: Intermediate
• Preferred pH Range: 4.0 to 7.0
• Water Hardness: 4 to 8 dKH
• Temperature Range: 68 to 79°F (20 to 26°C)

Origin and Distribution

Clown Killifish, also known as Rocket Killifish or Banded Panchax, are native to the slow-moving streams, swamps, and marshes of West Africa, particularly in Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Guinea. These environments are characterized by soft, acidic waters rich in vegetation, providing ample cover and breeding grounds for these small fish.

Colors and Markings

Clown Killifish are renowned for their vibrant coloration and distinctive patterns. They exhibit alternating vertical stripes of black and yellow along their bodies, reminiscent of a clown’s costume. Males typically display more vivid colors, with elongated, colorful fins and a striking tail fin that often features red and blue hues, resembling a rocket flame. Females are generally less colorful, with shorter fins and a more subdued appearance.

Tankmates

Due to their small size and peaceful nature, Clown Killifish are best kept with similarly sized, non-aggressive species. Suitable tankmates include:

• Small tetras
• Dwarf rasboras
• Pygmy corydoras
• Dwarf shrimp

It’s advisable to avoid housing them with larger or more boisterous fish that may outcompete them for food or view them as prey.

Care

Clown Killifish thrive in well-maintained aquariums that replicate their natural habitat. Key care considerations include:

• Tank Setup: Provide a densely planted aquarium with floating plants to offer cover and reduce light intensity. Incorporate driftwood and leaf litter to simulate their natural environment.
• Water Parameters: Maintain soft, acidic water with stable parameters. Regular water changes are essential to keep water quality high.
• Filtration: Use a gentle filtration system to avoid strong currents, as Clown Killifish prefer still or slow-moving waters.
• Tank Lid: Ensure the aquarium has a tight-fitting lid, as these fish are known to be excellent jumpers.

Diet and Feeding

As carnivores, Clown Killifish prefer a diet of small live or frozen foods. Suitable options include:

• Daphnia
• Baby brine shrimp
• Microworms
• Mosquito larvae

They may also accept high-quality micro-pellets or finely crushed flakes. Feed them small amounts multiple times a day, ensuring they consume all the food within a few minutes to prevent overfeeding and maintain water quality.

Gender Differences

Males are generally more colorful and possess longer, more elaborate fins, especially the caudal fin, which often displays vibrant red and blue hues. Females tend to be slightly larger with a rounder abdomen, especially when carrying eggs, and have shorter, less colorful fins.

Breeding

Breeding Clown Killifish in captivity is achievable with proper conditions:

• Breeding Tank: Set up a separate tank with soft, acidic water and a temperature around 75°F (24°C). Provide fine-leaved plants or spawning mops for egg deposition.
• Spawning: Condition the breeding pair with high-quality live or frozen foods. The female will scatter eggs among the plants, and the male will fertilize them.
• Post-Spawning: Remove the adults after spawning to prevent them from eating the eggs. Eggs typically hatch within 10 to 14 days.
• Fry Care: Feed the fry infusoria or commercially available liquid fry food until they are large enough to accept finely crushed flake food or baby brine shrimp.

Further Research

For more detailed information on Clown Killifish care, breeding techniques, and tank setups, consider exploring specialized aquarium literature or consulting with experienced aquarists.

FAQ

How many Clown Killifish should I keep together? It’s recommended to keep them in groups of at least six to promote natural schooling behavior and reduce stress.

Are Clown Killifish suitable for beginners? While they are relatively hardy, their sensitivity to water parameter fluctuations and specific dietary needs make them more suitable for aquarists with some experience.

Can Clown Killifish live with betta fish? Due to their small size and peaceful nature, they may be at risk of being perceived as prey by bettas. It’s advisable to avoid this combination.