Congo Tetra: Fish Species Profile

Species Overview

The Congo Tetra (Phenacogrammus interruptus) is a vibrant freshwater fish native to the Congo River Basin in Africa. Known for its shimmering colors and peaceful demeanor, it is a popular choice among aquarists seeking a lively addition to their community tanks.

• Common Names: Congo Tetra
• Scientific Name: Phenacogrammus interruptus
• Adult Size: Up to 3.5 inches (9 cm)
• Life Expectancy: 5–8 years

Characteristics

• Family: Alestidae
• Origin: Congo River Basin, Africa
• Social: Peaceful schooling fish
• Tank Level: Mid-level swimmer
• Minimum Tank Size: 30 gallons
• Diet: Omnivore
• Breeding: Egg layer
• Care Level: Moderate
• pH: 6.0–7.5
• Hardness: 3–18 dGH
• Temperature: 73–82°F (23–28°C)

Origin and Distribution

Congo Tetras are indigenous to the slow-moving rivers and streams of the Congo River Basin in Central Africa. They inhabit areas rich in vegetation, providing ample cover and feeding opportunities.

Colors and Markings

This species features a full-bodied shape with large scales that exhibit iridescent hues of blue, red, yellow, and green. Males are particularly striking, displaying extended, flowing fins with a violet tinge and white edges. Females are generally less colorful and have shorter fins.

Tankmates

Congo Tetras are peaceful and thrive in community tanks with other non-aggressive species. Suitable tankmates include:

• Other Tetras
• Rasboras
• Corydoras Catfish
• Dwarf Gouramis
• Livebearers like Guppies and Mollies

It’s advisable to keep them in groups of at least six to promote natural schooling behavior and reduce stress.

Habitat and Care

To replicate their natural environment:

• Tank Size: A minimum of 30 gallons is recommended to accommodate a small school and provide ample swimming space.
• Substrate: Use a dark substrate to enhance their coloration.
• Plants: Incorporate live plants such as Java Fern, Anubias, and Amazon Sword to provide cover and mimic their natural habitat.
• Lighting: Moderate lighting is ideal to showcase their features without causing stress.
• Filtration: Ensure efficient filtration to maintain water quality, as they are sensitive to poor conditions.

Regular water changes and monitoring of parameters are essential to keep them healthy.

Diet and Feeding

Congo Tetras are omnivorous and thrive on a varied diet. Offer them:

• High-quality flake or pellet food
• Live or frozen foods like brine shrimp, bloodworms, and daphnia
• Occasional vegetable matter such as blanched spinach or spirulina-based flakes

Feed them small amounts 2–3 times daily, ensuring they consume all the food within a few minutes.

Gender Differences

Males are typically larger and more colorful, with longer, flowing fins compared to females. Females are generally smaller, with shorter fins and a more rounded body shape, especially when carrying eggs.

Breeding

Breeding Congo Tetras in captivity is achievable with proper conditions:

• Breeding Tank: Set up a separate tank with soft, slightly acidic water and fine-leaved plants or spawning mops.
• Conditioning: Feed breeding pairs a high-protein diet of live and frozen foods to encourage spawning.
• Spawning: After spawning, remove adults to prevent them from eating the eggs.

Eggs typically hatch within 6–7 days, and fry become free-swimming shortly after. Feed fry infusoria or commercially available fry food until they are large enough to accept baby brine shrimp.

Further Research

For more information on similar species and care techniques, consider exploring:

• Emperor Tetra (Nematobrycon palmeri)
• Diamond Tetra (Moenkhausia pittieri)
• Bleeding Heart Tetra (Hyphessobrycon erythrostigma)

FAQ

How many Congo Tetras should I keep together?
It’s best to keep them in groups of at least six individuals to reduce stress and encourage natural schooling behavior.

Are Congo Tetras suitable for beginners?
Yes, their hardy nature and peaceful temperament make them suitable for novice aquarists.

What is the ideal tank setup for Congo Tetras?
A well-planted tank with ample swimming space, moderate lighting, and stable water parameters closely mimics their natural habitat and helps them thrive.